Introduction - The French occupational health system is well-developed, but the impact of occupational factors on health remains poorly understood. Method - The French Institute for Public Health Surveillance, in collaboration with the Occupational Health Inspectorate, utilized a legislative framework to establish a surveillance program for work-related illnesses (WRI) reported by a network of occupational physicians who monitor all active employees. This program was operational in seven regions in 2007. Results - Results for the four regions that participated in the program in 2006 are presented. The prevalence of ODDs is 5.4%. The main conditions are musculoskeletal disorders (59%) and mental distress (21.5%). The highest prevalence rates are observed in the industrial and financial sectors (7.1%). Work-related health conditions are reported in 80% of cases among manual workers. The prevalence of mental distress among manual workers (0.6%) is low compared to other occupational categories (between 1.8% and 2.1%). Conclusion - This program is set to be expanded to other participating regions. These findings on work-related health impairments serve as vital tools for monitoring, decision-making, and information. (R.A.)