Introduction: Few data are available on the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and its mortality in France. Methods: Data from the national databases of the Program for the Medicalization of Information Systems in Medicine, Surgery, Obstetrics, and Dentistry (PMSI-MCO) and the 2010 medical causes of death were used. In the PMSI, events were selected based on the primary diagnosis (PD) and/or associated diagnosis (AD). For mortality, deaths due to VTE as the primary cause and as a contributing cause were analyzed. Crude rates by sex and age group were calculated, as well as age-standardized rates. Results: In 2010, the annual incidence of hospitalized patients with a primary diagnosis (PD) of VTE was 85.5 cases per 100,000 population and 186.6 per 100,000 for PD and/or AD. The incidence increased with age and, after standardization, was higher among men than among women. The crude mortality rate from VTE as the primary cause and from multiple causes was 8.1 deaths and 22.9 per 100,000, respectively. Conclusion: VTE remains a common condition in France in 2010, particularly among the elderly. Furthermore, VTE is associated with significant mortality, with more than 14,800 deaths from all causes in 2010. (R.A.)