This article is a critical review of the following study: Grazuleviciene R, Maroziene L, Dulskiene V, Malinauskiene V, Azaraviciene A, Laurinaviciene D, Jankauskiene K. Exposure to urban nitrogen dioxide pollution and the risk of myocardial infarction. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2004 Aug;30(4):293-8. The aim of this study is to investigate the risk of myocardial infarction following long-term exposure to atmospheric nitrogen dioxide. This study focused on the male population of the city of Kaunas (400,000 inhabitants) in Lithuania, which is characterized by urban pollution primarily from motor vehicles. Nitrogen dioxide was chosen as an indicator of exposure to this urban pollution, and only men who survived an acute episode of myocardial infarction were included in the analysis. This study on NO2 is particularly relevant in the French context, where a significant proportion of the vehicle fleet runs on diesel; nitrogen oxide emissions, and specifically NO2, are higher than those from gasoline-powered vehicles. (Excerpt from the article)