Introduction: Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) and aortic dissections (AD) are serious conditions associated with high mortality rates. The objective was to estimate hospitalization rates and mortality rates for these conditions and to analyze their trends over time. Methods: Hospitalizations and death certificates mentioning an AAA (ruptured or unruptured) or an AD were analyzed. Crude and age-standardized rates were calculated, and their trends over time were examined by sex and age. Results: In 2013, 11,651 patients were hospitalized for AAA or AD. The hospitalization rate decreased slightly between 2002 and 2013 for unruptured AAAs and decreased by more than 20% for ruptured AAAs. In contrast, the hospitalization rate for DA increased over this period, particularly among women (+25%). In 2011, 2,171 deaths were recorded. Between 2000 and 2011, mortality rates decreased significantly for these three conditions. Conclusion: Recent recommendations for implementing targeted screening for AAA and the increase in the incidence of patients hospitalized for DA support the establishment of surveillance for these conditions.