In recent years, surveillance of Legionnaires' disease has improved significantly in France, and recent data have shown a decline in incidence. In 2008, 1,244 cases were reported in France, representing an incidence of 2.0 per 100,000. The median age was 61 years, the male-to-female ratio was 3.0, and the case-fatality rate was 10%. Risk exposure was reported in 38% of cases. The majority of cases were diagnosed by a urine screening test, and a bacterial strain was isolated in 213 cases (17%). These data confirm the decline observed since 2006. However, the ambitious goal of the 2004 government plan to reduce incidence by 50% was far from being achieved in 2008. To further reduce the number of cases, it is essential to better control the proliferation of bacteria in all high-risk facilities, particularly in establishments open to the public. Raising awareness among all stakeholders involved regarding Legionella must therefore remain a constant priority. (R.A.)