Surveillance of occupational exposures among healthcare workers in France was established, using both retrospective and prospective methods, in 1991 for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and in 1997 for the hepatitis C virus (HCV). The most recent survey of healthcare workers conducted in December 1997 identified 13 documented occupational HIV seroconversions (and 29 presumed HIV infections) and 33 documented occupational HCV seroconversions since the availability of screening tests. The objective of this article is to update this survey as of June 30, 2001, and to analyze the evolving trends and characteristics of these seroconversions. No new occupational HIV infections among healthcare workers have been reported since 1997; as for documented occupational HCV seroconversions, there have been few in recent years. (adapted from the text)