This article presents surveillance data on HIV infection and AIDS in France for 2012, based on mandatory reporting of HIV and AIDS and virological surveillance, as well as trends since 2003. Approximately 6,400 people (95% CI: [5,974–6,770]) were diagnosed with HIV in 2012, including 42% of men who have sex with men (MSM), 38% were foreign-born heterosexuals, 18% were French-born heterosexuals, and 1% were people who inject drugs (PWID). Between 2011 and 2012, the number of new diagnoses among MSM increased (+14%), while it remained stable among heterosexuals and IDUs. Among HIV-positive diagnoses in 2012, 27% were late-stage (<200 CD4/mm³ or AIDS stage) and 39% were early-stage (≥500 CD4/mm³ or primary infection). Late diagnoses mainly involved people aged 50 and older and heterosexual men. Early diagnoses were more common among MSM. The increase in the number of new diagnoses in 2012 among MSM concerned only early diagnoses, linked to improved screening rates among recently infected MSM. The regional disparities observed since 2003 persisted in 2012: the number of HIV diagnoses per capita was higher in the French departments of French Guiana and in Île-de-France. In 2012, 1,500 (95% CI: [1,368–1,647]) cases of AIDS were diagnosed, 85% of which were in individuals who had not previously received antiretroviral therapy. (R.A.)