Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are diagnosed in France by private practitioners (general practitioners, gynecologists, dermatologists and venereologists, and urologists) and by public sector physicians (hospital clinics, venereal disease clinics, and family planning centers). Due to the large number of stakeholders, several STD surveillance systems have been established since 1985, including a gonorrhea surveillance network based on laboratory data (RENAGO) and a weekly reporting system for male urethritis based on a network of general practitioners (Sentinelles). A resurgence of gonorrhea was observed in 1998 by the RENAGO network, primarily in the Île-de-France region. The objective of the study presented in this article is to confirm this resurgence by analyzing recent trends from RENAGO in 1999 and 2000 and comparing them with other available sources of information in France. This increase occurs against a backdrop of clusters of syphilis cases emerging in Europe, in countries where the disease had virtually disappeared.