Martinique and Guadeloupe continue to suffer from environmental pollution caused by chlordecone, an organochlorine insecticide used in banana plantations from 1973 to 1993. The persistence of chlordecone in soils used for banana cultivation, its presence in river water and sediments, and the contamination of certain wildlife species and the food chain raise health concerns due to its toxicity. Action 16 of the 2008–2010 Chlordecone Action Plan called on the French Institute for Public Health Surveillance and the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research to convene an international scientific committee to propose additional research and measures to strengthen monitoring of the health impacts of pesticides. The Scientific Council analyzed the available scientific and medical knowledge and met with numerous stakeholders. It emphasizes that while the risks associated with exposure to chlordecone are not among the primary health issues affecting people in the French West Indies, they nonetheless constitute a significant challenge that must be addressed seriously and over a foreseeable period of several decades. It proposed the following 12 recommendations: 1) expand toxicological research; 2) continue and strengthen epidemiological research; 3) improve understanding of exposure; 4) conduct studies on chlordecone bioaccumulation; 5) better understand the health consequences of chlordecone exposure among exposed workers; 6) monitor the health status of the Caribbean population, particularly children; 7) strengthen and expand the Jafa program; 8) consider a spatialized approach to risk; 9) no new screening initiatives; 10) foster a social environment conducive to prevention; 11) evaluate the Chlordecone Plan; 12) establish a sustainable framework for environmental health research in the French departments of the Americas. (R.A.)