To describe the acute toxicity of mosquito repellents, cases of exposure to repellents recorded in the national case database of French poison control and toxicovigilance centers (5 centers at the time of the study) were identified: 396 cases of exposure were analyzed. The circumstances included one case of intentional ingestion, 12 cases of misuse, 13 cases of adverse effects, and 370 cases of accidental exposure (93.4%). Almost all involved repellents for topical use; they mainly contained IR3535 (46.2%) and DEET (33.8%), often in combination (23%), frequently combined with terpenes (70.5%). Symptoms were present in 29.8% of cases, less frequently when the repellent was ingested, more frequently following eye contact. Children under 5 years of age were not a susceptible population, except when the repellent contained DEET (increased frequency of symptoms). The toxicity of the main active ingredients is summarized. The main finding of this study is that exposure to repellents under accidental exposure conditions has very mild consequences. (R.A.)