In France, in 2018, the estimated number of new cases of squamous cell lung cancer was 8,979, including 7,331 in men and 1,648 in women. Key points: 5-year age-standardized net survival of 21% for women and men diagnosed between 2010 and 2015; No significant difference in 1-year and 5-year survival between women and men; 11 percentage point improvement in 5-year age-standardized net survival between 1990 and 2015; Improvement in 1-year net survival between 1990 and 2015 across all age groups, with the greatest improvement observed with increasing age (+7 percentage points at age 50 and up to +21 percentage points at age 80); Net survival gains maintained 5 years after diagnosis across all age groups, except for those aged 80, for whom these benefits diminish; Improvement in 10-year net survival between 1990 and 2010 regardless of age.