The 2011/2012 Health Barometer for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing is the first survey conducted by INPES among people affected by deafness or hearing impairments. Conducted in collaboration with the National Solidarity Fund for Autonomy, this study gathered previously unpublished data on the health-related perceptions and behaviors of these populations. The main themes are addressed in seven chapters. The description of the survey methodology is followed by a detailed presentation of the sample, aimed at clarifying the situations from the perspective of hearing. Mental health, quality of life, and occupational health provide a framework for addressing the living conditions of people with hearing loss. The relationship with the healthcare system and health information raises questions about their accessibility. Sexuality and the use of psychoactive substances are examined from the perspective of risk-taking.