An effective health prevention and education policy cannot be developed without a detailed understanding of the opinions and practices of its key stakeholders—general practitioners—and an analysis of how these have changed over time. This is why the Health Barometer survey, conducted at regular intervals since 1992, was carried out for the sixth time in 2009 among a sample of 2,083 healthcare professionals.This 2009 General Practitioners’ Health Barometer describes their perceptions and behaviors regarding vaccination, screening for viral hepatitis and HIV, and the management of addiction issues; for the first time, it addresses the care of patients with Alzheimer’s disease, as well as training in health education or patient therapeutic education. It thus provides insight into doctors’ expectations as well as the barriers to certain practices. In addition to an analysis of the data and its evolution over time, the publication offers insights into general practitioners’ involvement in the field of prevention. It proves to be an indispensable tool for policymakers and practitioners in the field.