It is essential to take into account the ethical and professional considerations of the work carried out by public institutions, particularly in the field of public health. The intrinsic moral nature of these institutions’ mandate—“the protection of public health”—requires an explicit ethical framework, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic and its syndemic nature. Despite the scientific nature of Santé publique France’s work, value-based choices influence decisions at various stages of a project’s development. Thus, proactive consideration of ethical issues is necessary to anticipate potential challenges and fully justify public health actions. Santé publique France is committed to developing an internal culture that fosters such ethical analysis of its activities. Health Public France professionals are already aware of ethical issues, but the agency seeks to establish an explicit collective culture and provide tools to support this approach. The process of ethical review of projects aims to identify and analyze ethical concerns, thereby ensuring that the project is justified on scientific grounds and complies with current standards. This document, intended for Santé publique France staff, offers methodological guidelines to steer this process. Although it does not constitute a strict procedure, it is intended as a practical tool adapted to the professional context. As a first version, it is intended to be updated and adapted based on new knowledge, experience, and changes in the context.