Immigrants aged 18–60 generally report being in poorer health than people with no immigrant background for at least two generations. However, the "immigrant" category encompasses diverse realities depending on origin, migration patterns, and past and current living conditions in mainland France. Immigrants from Turkey and Portugal are the ones who report being in the poorest health. For the former, a combination of precarious living conditions in metropolitan France explains this over-reporting of poor health despite a very young population structure; for the latter, the explanatory factors relate more to experiences during childhood and low levels of education, which, while not preventing them from entering the labor market, expose them to arduous working conditions. (R.A.)