Objectives: The primary objective of the study was to describe recent trends in PSA testing and prostate biopsy rates among men without known prostate cancer (PCa) and, consequently, among those newly diagnosed with PCa. Changes in MRI use among men without known PCa are also described. Methods: Using data from the National Inter-Regime Health Insurance Information System (Sniiram), this data was analyzed for men aged 40 years or older covered by the general health insurance scheme (73% of the male population in this age group, 11 million men). Results: The proportion of men without detectable prostate cancer in Sniiram who had at least one PSA test during the year remained stable at around 30% between 2009 and 2011, decreased to 26.9% in 2014, and then rose to 28.9% in 2015, representing 3.4 million men. This proportion remained high (33%) for men aged 85 and older. Between 2013 and 2015, 48% of men aged 40 and older had had at least one PSA test; this figure was approximately 90% among those aged 65 to 79. The proportion of men who had undergone at least one prostate biopsy decreased from 0.57% in 2009 to 0.38% in 2014 and reached 0.41% in 2015, representing 48,700 men. The proportion of men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer remained stable, slightly below 0.4% between 2009 and 2015, but the number of men increased (41,704 in 2014, 45,046 in 2015). The proportion of men who underwent an MRI of the abdomen and pelvis with intravenous contrast injection and a biopsy increased between 2013 (18%) and 2015 (27%). Discussion and conclusion: The results of this study show that the number of annual PSA tests remains high in France. A shift in practices aimed at limiting overdiagnosis and overtreatment appears to be underway. This type of analysis is likely to be repeated and expanded through the monitoring of these indicators, in conjunction with the information available in cancer registries.