Objectives: To estimate the incidence of all-cause outpatient community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults in France based on a national prospective observational study of CAP management in general practice (CAPA). Methods: Patients aged 18 years or older presenting with signs or symptoms indicative of CAP, associated with the recent onset of unilateral crackles on auscultation and/or a new opacity on chest X-ray, were included in the CAPA study. An ancillary survey (AIMSIS) aimed at identifying family physicians’ difficulties in enrolling patients and at gathering their opinions on the use of an electronic case report form determined the number of eligible patients who were not included. A three-step analysis was then performed, including calculation of the total number of eligible patients, adjustment for seasonality, and extrapolation to the French general practice population using indirect standardization to account for differences in characteristics between CAPA general practitioners and French general practitioners. Results: Between September 2011 and July 2012, 267 (63%) CAPA investigators included 886 CAP patients. Most patients presented with mild CAP. The rates of hospitalization and one-month case fatality were 7% and 0.3%, respectively. Data from 336 (79%) AIMSIS investigators identified 641 additional patients and estimated the number of CAP patients per year at 234,023 (incidence of 4.7 per 1,000 persons per year). Conclusions: Using a pragmatic case definition of CAP patients, this study estimated an incidence of 4.7 per 1,000 persons per year, which falls within the lower half of the range of estimated incidences reported in primary care settings in industrialized countries.