The network of health examination centers operating on behalf of the National Health Insurance System consists of 98 centers located throughout France, which conduct approximately 650,000 periodic health examinations each year. These examinations are intended for individuals covered by the General Social Security Scheme and their dependents, representing nearly 85% of the French population. Individuals covered by other schemes may also be seen at these centers. Following the publication of the 1992 ministerial decree (Decree of July 20, 1992, regarding periodic health examinations. Official Journal No. 218 of September 19, 1992), the centers have focused their activities on people in vulnerable situations. Thus, nearly one-third of the health examinations conducted each year are for vulnerable populations. This study is based on an analysis of the 1995–2002 database. It examines indicators of behavior, access to care, and health. Its objective is to compare different individuals in precarious situations with a reference population consisting of individuals not in precarious situations. (Introduction)