The incidence of treated end-stage chronic kidney disease (ESCD) appears to have stabilized since 2007. Nevertheless, each year in our country, nearly 10,000 people begin renal replacement therapy, primarily through dialysis. Despite an increase in the number of organ donations, fewer than 3,000 people receive a kidney transplant each year, primarily among the 41,000 patients on dialysis.In the absence of major changes in the incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the distribution of determinants of quality of life within the cohort of patients on renal replacement therapy, and healthcare practices, the results of the 2011 Quavi-REIN quality of life survey can be considered still relevant and extrapolated to all of metropolitan France. With quality of life remaining unchanged for dialysis and kidney transplantation, the increase in the number of patients with a functional kidney transplant contributes to an overall improvement in quality of life.