Objectives - The objective was to examine, in light of clinical guidelines, the practices of general practitioners regarding the intensification of antidiabetic treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods - The data used were drawn from a panel of French general practitioners. The analysis included 17,493 patients treated with oral hypoglycemic agents alone who had at least two available HbA1c measurements, of whom 3,118 (18%) required treatment intensification according to current guidelines. These patients were followed for up to 14 months or until the date of intensification. Factors associated with treatment intensification were identified using a Cox model. Results—Among the 3,118 patients requiring treatment intensification, 39% received it within 6 months of a second uncontrolled HbA1c measurement (59% at 12 months). The probability of treatment intensification was significantly associated with two factors: the younger the patient or the higher their HbA1c level at the first available measurement (up to a threshold of 9%), the greater the probability of intensification. Conclusion - Treatment inertia remained significant in the management of patients with type 2 diabetes in France in 2008–2009. This situation poses a public health challenge due to diabetes complications, the risk of which increases with poor glycemic control. (R.A.)