Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate, at one year, the effectiveness of a nutritional intervention for the prevention of type 2 diabetes in individuals aged 25 to 69 years with moderate fasting hyperglycemia. Methods: This was a prospective, uncontrolled, interventional study. Participants who underwent a preventive screening at health screening centers subsidized by the French National Health Insurance Fund between 2005 and 2007 and who volunteered for the intervention were included. The intervention consisted of a consultation with a dietitian to set nutritional goals, a reminder letter regarding these goals at six months, and an evaluation at one year, in collaboration with the primary care physician. Socioeconomic, biometric, biological, and behavioral data were collected at the beginning and end of the intervention. Adherence to the recommendations of the National Nutrition and Health Program (PNNS) was assessed via a self-administered questionnaire. The association between biometric and biological changes and changes in the number of PNNS recommendations met was examined using linear regression adjusted for age, sex, and social vulnerability. Results: Among the 428 participants analyzed, 264 (61.7%) returned for follow-up after one year. Participants improved their adherence to PNNS recommendations and reduced their daily energy intake. Most biometric and biological indicators improved. Meeting at least one additional PNNS recommendation was associated with a decrease in the waist-to-hip ratio (p=0.03), weight (p<0.001), and, among those under 54 years of age, HbA1C (p=0.01). Conclusion: A short-term nutritional intervention based on PNNS recommendations that does not require the recruitment of additional healthcare professionals can reduce risk factors for type 2 diabetes. (R.A.)