Diabetic retinopathy, a microvascular complication of diabetes, is the leading cause of blindness in industrialized countries among people under the age of 65. Similarly, diabetic peripheral neuropathy is the leading cause of non-traumatic amputation, as it increases the risk of foot ulcers by causing a loss of sensation. Consequently, in France, the National Diabetes Action Program focused its efforts in 2005 on screening for retinopathy and improving the prevention of foot lesions in the diabetic population, with the aim of reducing the incidence of blindness and amputations. To contribute to this program, the Entred study (National Representative Sample of People with Diabetes) was used to estimate the prevalence and quality of screening and medical management of diabetic retinopathy and peripheral neuropathy in France. (R.A.)