Objectives - To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of the French population regarding the risks associated with ultraviolet (UV) exposure, in order to tailor prevention campaigns and, secondarily, to evaluate them. Method - In 2004, a telephone survey (quota method) was conducted among a sample of 1,002 people representative of the French population. Results - A majority of French people (55%) enjoy having a tan and sunbathing, 17% use tanning accelerators, and 3% use artificial UV tanning beds. Young people and outdoor workers are more exposed to UV radiation and protect themselves less than the general population. Childhood is identified as the life stage most vulnerable to UV radiation by 52% of respondents, but 44% believe that childhood sunburns are harmless if treated. Among the risks associated with UV exposure, 90% of French people identify the risk of skin cancer and 6% identify eye diseases. Conclusion - The priority targets for prevention campaigns are children, young people, and men, particularly outdoor workers. Early detection of skin conditions must be strengthened. (R.A.)