Cholera is a bacterial infection that causes digestive disorders and severe diarrhea, which can lead to death from dehydration if prompt and appropriate medical care is not provided. However, most infections with Vibrio cholerae remain asymptomatic or may mimic common gastroenteritis. A review of two imported cases during the summer of 2005 and the hospital and community investigation surrounding these cases made it possible to assess the risks of transmission. There were no secondary cases among the 58 healthcare workers who provided care or the 15 family members of the two cases. Clinicians will find a discussion of the clinical presentation and the risk of secondary transmission, as cholera continues to spread in many countries with close ties to France