Between 1999 and 2009, 74 outbreaks of anthrax, primarily in cattle, confirmed by the isolation of Bacillus anthracis, were recorded in France across 14 departments (annual average: 7 outbreaks). All occurred in departments where anthrax outbreaks had been recorded previously. While the annual number of outbreaks remained limited and stable from 1999 to 2007 (0–6 outbreaks), 2008 saw 19 outbreaks (including a cluster of 17 outbreaks in the Doubs) and 2009, 22 outbreaks (including a cluster of 17 outbreaks in Savoie). The latter year was also marked by the occurrence of cases in goats and horses, species very rarely affected in the past. The relatively high number of outbreaks in the Doubs in 2008 and in Savoie in 2009 has not yet been fully explained, but is likely related to the history of anthrax in the affected areas as well as to weather conditions during the period in question. (R.A.)