The results of the French organized breast cancer screening program are presented according to the old guidelines for 2001 and 2002 and according to the new guidelines for 2002. Compared to previous years, participation rates have plummeted to 25% and 26%. These rates are linked to professionals’ anticipation of the new reimbursement rates for mammography and to the reorganization of invitations to a two-year cycle instead of a three-year one. Cancer rates in 2001 and 2002 were 5.2% and 5.4%, respectively, and the rate of cancers detected by the second reader was 12%. The results for women aged 70 to 74 show that cancer rates and the positive predictive value of the biopsy indication are higher (6.8% and 75%) than for women aged 50 to 54 (3.7% and 51%), thus justifying the decision to include this age group. The results of the new guidelines show a rate of positive mammograms prior to immediate diagnostic evaluation (12%) close to the values recommended in the guidelines (10%). After evaluation, it was 4%. The recall of women with an abnormal mammogram following the second reading concerns only 2% of women. The percentage of women with an abnormal clinical examination and a normal mammogram was low (0.1%), but immediate diagnostic evaluation was not always performed. The 2003 and 2004 data will allow for a comprehensive analysis of the implementation of the new guidelines. (R.A.)