Survival is a key indicator for the epidemiological surveillance and monitoring of cancers, alongside incidence, mortality, and prevalence. It allows us to assess the overall improvement in the prognosis for people with cancer, resulting from both advances in treatment and efforts to diagnose cancers at earlier stages and improve their management. Survival is essential for evaluating the healthcare system as a whole and measuring the impact of public policies on prevention, screening, and care. This fourth survival study, based on data from the metropolitan cancer registries of the FRANCIM network, aligns with the objectives of the various Cancer Plans [1] and the 2021–2030 Decade-Long Strategy for the Fight Against Cancer [2], particularly the focus on combating cancers with poor prognoses. It is the result of a partnership between the French Cancer Registry Network (FRANCIM), the Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Department of the Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Santé publique France, and the National Cancer Institute (INCa). This new study provides updated estimates of survival at 1, 5, and 10 years after a cancer diagnosis, as well as trends in survival since 1989. For the first time, estimates of survival 20 years after diagnosis are provided, along with estimates by anatomical or histological sub-site. This summary presents the key elements of the methodology used and focuses on the main results, which are also published in separate documents for each site. The decision was made to discuss the results for solid tumors and malignant hematologic diseases together; the tables and figures presented in this summary will provide insight into their specific characteristics.