Following the 1999 Consensus Conference on the medical monitoring of individuals exposed to asbestos, a pilot study was conducted in four regions (Aquitaine, Upper Normandy, Lower Normandy, and Rhône-Alpes). The initial results are based on data recorded as of July 31, 2005, corresponding to 20,017 "applicants" (individuals who initiated a request for care), 16,730 "respondents" (individuals with available occupational history), and 5,858 chest CT scans performed. They confirm the value of chest CT scans over standard chest X-rays in identifying lung and pleural conditions consistent with asbestos exposure: more than 40% of the most exposed occupational group (thermal insulation installers) and more than 20% of all subjects in whom “high” exposure was identified had pleural abnormalities consistent with pleural plaques, compared to a prevalence of 7.7% in the “none/low” exposure group. In contrast, pulmonary interstitial abnormalities are less frequent and less specific (7.7% in the “high” exposure group and 5.8% in the “none/low” exposure group). The initial assessment data are currently being updated, and follow-up of these subjects is scheduled. (R.A.)