Introduction: Alcohol is responsible for both short- and long-term health and social problems. Surveys of individual alcohol consumption provide data to document and monitor alcohol use among different population groups. This article provides an update on the levels and patterns of alcohol consumption among the adult population residing in metropolitan France. Methods: The 2017 Santé publique France Health Barometer is a probabilistic cross-sectional survey conducted by telephone among a sample of 25,319 French-speaking residents of metropolitan France aged 18 to 75. The method relies on the random generation of landline and mobile phone numbers. The response rate for this survey, conducted between January and July 2017, was 48.5%. Results: In 2017, 87% of 18- to 75-year-olds consumed alcohol at least once during the year; 21% reported having been intoxicated during the year, 10% were daily drinkers, and 5% consumed six or more drinks on a single occasion every week. Alcohol consumption appears increasingly male-dominated as the frequency of consumption rises. It changes with age, with a decrease in the number of drinks consumed associated with an increase in the number of days of consumption. Variability also exists regarding the amount of alcohol consumed: 10% of those aged 18–75 alone accounted for 58% of the reported total alcohol consumption. Conclusion: In 2017, alcohol consumption remained common and at a relatively stable level compared to previous years. Among those under 25, recent trends show stability in excessive drinking, following a decade of increases, particularly in regular drunkenness. The repetition of Barometers and surveys conducted among adolescents makes it possible to track trends in alcohol consumption and describe the diversity of its uses.