About a year ago, Professor Alain Fischer submitted a report to the Minister of Health containing recommendations based on the work of the steering committee for the public consultation on vaccination (1). This committee drew on the work of two panels—one composed of citizens and the other of healthcare professionals—as well as numerous contributions from civil society and experts. In this context, Santé publique France presented its own findings, drawn from the 2016 Health Barometer and a qualitative survey: the “2016 Health Barometer” survey was conducted by telephone between January and August 2016 among 15,000 people aged 15 to 75 residing in metropolitan France. A large portion of the questionnaire was devoted to opinions and practices regarding vaccination; the qualitative survey was conducted in the spring of 2016 through semi-structured interviews with twelve groups, each comprising about ten people, whose composition best reflected the sociodemographic and sociocultural characteristics of the metropolitan French population. The aim was to assess the general public’s level of knowledge, perceptions, and expectations regarding the coexistence of mandatory and recommended vaccinations within the current vaccination schedule. On the eve of the parliamentary debate on mandatory vaccination, it seemed important, on the one hand, to publish in the BEH the results of this research, which informed the steering committee of the citizen consultation, and, on the other hand, to present the epidemiological arguments demonstrating the importance of improving vaccination coverage among young children. Finally, because the majority of parents say they seek information about vaccinations from doctors (81.3%), it now seems essential to give a voice to general practitioners and future healthcare professionals who are and will be, alongside pediatricians, the primary prescribers of vaccines. This is why, in this BEH, we have chosen to present the perspectives of both the College of General Practice and young physicians, represented by residents in public health and general practice (CLiSP (2) and ISNAR-IMG (3)). I hope that the work presented in this BEH will shed light on the issues surrounding vaccination, helping us to better understand them and communicate them to others. Santé publique France is paying close attention to this issue. Its Vaccination Info Service website (4) has, in just a few months, become the go-to resource for a wealth of information, including the educational dossier: "Expansion of mandatory vaccination to 11 diseases: a public health issue" (5).