Introduction: A decline in confidence in vaccination has been observed in France for several years. Among the reasons cited is the coexistence of mandatory and recommended vaccinations in the immunization schedule. As part of the public consultation on vaccination, Santé publique France conducted a qualitative survey on the general public’s knowledge and attitudes toward vaccination. The objective of our analysis is to examine the general public’s level of knowledge, perceptions, and expectations regarding the coexistence of mandatory and recommended vaccinations. Methods: This is a qualitative study using semi-structured focus group interviews. Participants in the study were selected from the general population in France using the quota method, based on sociodemographic or sociocultural characteristics. Twelve groups, each consisting of about ten people, were formed and met once between April 28 and May 12, 2016, in metropolitan France. The interviews were subjected to thematic content analysis. Results: Analysis of the interviews reveals a low level of general knowledge about vaccinations. The fact that a vaccine is recommended gives it an optional status, leading to questions regarding its usefulness, efficacy, and safety. The mandatory nature of a vaccination appears to have a positive effect on its perception. Conclusions: This study shows that a majority of people are not opposed in principle to mandatory vaccination and do not favor the removal of this requirement for certain vaccinations. It provides useful insights to guide public policy.