Introduction – Santé publique France routinely estimates influenza vaccination coverage among at-risk individuals by analyzing reimbursement data from the National Health Data System (SNDS). Our study aims to estimate influenza vaccination coverage in France among people aged 65 to 85 years, to explore the determinants associated with this vaccination, and to identify the reasons for not getting vaccinated against influenza. Method – The study is based on data from the 2021 Santé publique France Health Barometer. Participants aged 65 to 85 residing in France were asked about their influenza vaccination during the 2020–2021 season (self-reported data). Determinants of vaccination were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Poisson regressions. Results – A total of 6,216 people aged 65 to 85 were surveyed in mainland France and 1,156 in the overseas departments and regions (DROM). Vaccination coverage against influenza was estimated in 2021 at 65.1% (95% confidence interval, 95% CI: [63.6–66.6]) in mainland France, 37.2% [30.5–44.4] in Guadeloupe, 26.2% [21.1–32.0] in Martinique, 38.1% [26.7–51.0] in French Guiana, and 39.4% [33.0–46.1] in Réunion. In mainland France, CV increased significantly with age (80–85 years: 73.2% [69.4–76.7] vs. 65–69 years: 55.4% [52.6–58.1]). It was higher among men than among women (67.9% [65.6–70.1] vs. 62.8% [60.8–64.8]), and among those with the highest level of education (baccalaureate +5 years or more: 71.5% [67.5–75.3] vs. baccalaureate level or below: 64.3% [62.5–66.1]), among those with the highest income levels (71.0% [68.6–73.3]) vs. the lowest (60.8% [57.5–64.0]), and among those living with a partner rather than alone (68.3% [66.4–70.2] vs. 59.7% [57.2–62.3]), those living in large urban areas (≥200,000 inhabitants) (69.1% [66.4–74.7]) rather than in rural areas (62.0% [59.1–64.8]), and among those with chronic diseases versus those without (71.1% [68.6–73.6] vs. 57.8% [52.2–63.2]). The most frequently cited reasons for not getting vaccinated in mainland France were the perceived uselessness of the vaccine (41.6% [38.9–44.4]), fear of adverse effects (13.5% [11.6–15.6]), lack of interest in the vaccine (9.6% [8.0–11.4]), and opposition to vaccination (5.9% [4.7–7.4]). In the French overseas departments and regions (DROM), the most frequently cited reason was also the perceived uselessness of the vaccine. Conclusion – Influenza vaccination coverage remained insufficient relative to the vaccination target of 75% of individuals at risk of severe influenza among younger seniors and was marked by social health inequalities.