Background: Tularemia is a zoonotic disease that is monitored in France in humans and hares. We report the results of disease surveillance in these two species during 2007 and 2008. Materials and Methods: Tularemia has been a notifiable disease in humans since 2003. In hares, surveillance is voluntary and relies on the network of departmental hunting federations. Data from mandatory reporting and voluntary surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous data. Results: In 2007/2008, 144 human cases of tularemia and 117 cases in hares were reported, representing a doubling compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only in the higher frequency of contact with farm animals and the frequency of cases with no known risk exposure. Conclusion: An excess of cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Further studies are needed to determine the reservoir species for humans and hares, and thus to understand the cause of this spike.