"Accidental falls from heights," often referred to simply as "defenestrations," are a long-standing public health problem common to developed countries, primarily associated with high-rise housing. These everyday accidents have devastating consequences, which are all the more tragic because they occur mainly among very young children. In France, this issue has been the subject of several studies [8-13]. The media campaigns of spring 2004–2005 [14–16], highlighting a significant number of accidental falls from great heights among young children in France (around 250 per year), led the Directorate General for Health to establish a working group on defenestrations, the Consumer Safety Commission to issue an opinion in November 2005 [17], and the French Institute for Public Health Surveillance (InVS) to launch a study in collaboration with Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital (Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris). The objective of this study was to provide a detailed and comprehensive description of accidental falls from significant heights involving children in the Île-de-France region. The knowledge gained through this study regarding the characteristics of the victims (age, sex, residence), their sociodemographic environment, the circumstances of the fall (supervision of the child, height, type of floor), and the consequences in terms of the severity of injuries and the child’s long-term outcome are essential elements for the development of an effective prevention program for accidental falls from significant heights among children. (excerpt from the introduction)