The Cancer Plan, launched nearly two years ago, has given new impetus to tobacco prevention in France. Among the measures adopted, the most significant is the massive increase in tobacco prices, as it has long been known that this is one of the most effective ways to reduce consumption, especially among young people. The effects are already evident from an epidemiological perspective. Thus, over the course of two years, the prevalence of smoking has dropped from 35.2% among the French adult population to 30.4%. But this difference is even more pronounced when focusing on the younger population. In fact, prevalence dropped by 18%, falling from 44.5% to 36.4% between 1999 and 2003 after several years of increase. Healthcare professionals are no exception, and a decline in actual prevalence is also noted among them. Several recent studies clearly demonstrate this. These encouraging trends should not obscure the fact that they are fragile and that all aspects of prevention remain as relevant as ever.