Introduction - An educational campaign, developed by Santé publique France, will be rolled out starting in 2022 to private-practice healthcare professionals, with the aim of raising awareness and promoting the appropriate use of antibiotics. To prepare for this campaign and complement a quantitative study conducted in parallel, Santé publique France conducted a qualitative survey in 2020 among community physicians to better understand their perceptions of antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance, their prescribing practices, and to ask them about their use of tools implemented in recent years by public authorities. Materials and Methods - For this study, individual interviews were conducted in March 2020 with 36 private practice physicians (general practitioners and pediatricians) and six group interviews with groups of four general practitioners across France. Results - Analysis of the interviews revealed that while doctors are concerned, they feel ill-equipped and unsupported in the fight against antibiotic resistance. They consider their room for maneuver to be limited. Fear of complications and the pressure doctors feel from certain patients lead them to prescribe antibiotics more often to their elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. They also highlight the lack of information, public awareness, and practical tools to help them optimize their prescribing practices. Discussion and Conclusion - This study confirms the need to clarify certain aspects of antibiotic resistance (as a community-wide phenomenon, not just a hospital-based one, and the organization of the fight against antibiotic resistance) as well as the need to support physicians in reducing their prescribing practices (through training, tools, public information campaigns, etc.). These results, in conjunction with other studies, will enable us to refine our communication strategy targeting community healthcare professionals.