In the Netherlands, the prevalence of Salmonella Paratyphi B (Java variant) in poultry rose from less than 2% of all isolates prior to 1996 to approximately 60% in 2002. Despite significant exposure to contaminated meat, human cases of Java infection are rare (0.3% of all isolates), but 50% of human isolates show PFGE profiles identical to the poultry clone. Furthermore, S. Java resistance to flumequine increased from 3% between 1996–2000 to 19% in 2001 and 39% in 2002, while that of other serotypes remained at approximately 7%. S. Java is also becoming less susceptible to ciprofloxacin.