On June 15, 2010, the eastern part of the Var department was hit by severe flooding. A nursing home had to carry out an emergency evacuation and relocate 140 residents to other care facilities in the region. Monthly mortality data were collected from this facility, as well as from two other institutions in the disaster-stricken area that did not evacuate their residents. At the same time, individual data on the sociodemographic and health characteristics of the displaced residents were collected to characterize the deceased. The number of deaths recorded in the month following the floods was three times higher than the average number of deaths expected over the study period and still twice as high in the second month. This excess mortality was not observed in the two other facilities studied in the disaster-stricken area. Those who died were predominantly men or very elderly individuals who were highly dependent and residing in medical care units. These results suggest that, despite the precautions taken by rescue teams, the emergency relocation of older adults—which is unavoidable in this context—leads to significant excess mortality. Whenever possible, the necessity of relocation must be discussed, prepared in advance, and followed by specific support for the most vulnerable individuals.