Key Points

Electronic Reporting

• Online reporting of tuberculosis (via the e-DO application) remains low and exceeds the national rate of electronic reporting.

Trends in tuberculosis incidence

• A significant decrease in the reporting rate (-22%) was recorded in 2021, likely largely due to the health crisis. Since then, incidence has returned to pre-COVID pandemic levels and continues its downward trend.

• The tuberculosis case reporting rate has continued to decline overall over the past 10 years in the region as well as nationally. In 2024, the regional rate was lower than the rates recorded in the years preceding the pandemic and on par with the rest of the province.

• At the subregional level, the highest reported rates are observed in Ille-et-Vilaine (7.6 cases per 100,000 inhabitants) and in Finistère (5.7 cases per 100,000 inhabitants).

• The incidence of tuberculosis is twice as high among men as among women.

• The incidence continues to decline after age 40, and half of the cases reported over the past five years involve young adults, with a sharp increase in the number of new cases diagnosed among young people aged 15 to 24.

• Since 2017, reported cases of active tuberculosis have primarily involved highly vulnerable individuals who arrived less than two years ago from areas or countries with high tuberculosis endemicity.

Main clinical and epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis

• Cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, whether isolated or associated with extrapulmonary sites, remain the vast majority (70%), and are bacilliferous—and therefore contagious (smear-positive or direct microscopic examination positive)—in one-third of cases.

• The incidence of severe forms (meningoencephalitis or miliary tuberculosis) remains low (<5% of cases) and has been stable in recent years.

• Collective housing facilities constitute the communities at highest risk and account for the vast majority of tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection cases diagnosed and treated in recent years.

Treatment Outcomes

• Information on treatment outcomes remains very limited (only one in two cases reported). This is a performance indicator for tuberculosis control (LAT).

• Treatment completion, when information on treatment outcomes is available, stands at 91%, exceeding the WHO’s treatment success target (85%).

Multidrug resistance

• The incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis cases resistant to the two main first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs (isoniazid and rifampicin) remains low and stable in France and Brittany.

Latent Tuberculosis Infections (LTIs)

• The number of reported LTBI cases increased in 2024.

• The LTI cases identified and treated were primarily young people aged 15 and older who had arrived in France less than two years prior and were living in group housing facilities.