If average levels of particulate matter with a median aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) were reduced to the anthropogenic threshold of 3 µg/m³ in mainland France, the annual benefits in terms of health and well-being for the diseases studied would amount to €12.88 billion (2018), including €4.43 billion (2018) for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (34.4%), €4.27 billion (2018) for childhood asthma (33.2%), €430 million (2018) for lung cancer (3.3%), €1.25 billion (2018) for stroke (9.7%), €679 million in 2018 for hypertension (5.3%), €448 million in 2018 for acute myocardial infarction (3.5%), and €1.38 billion in 2018 for type 2 diabetes (10.7%). The healthcare system would bear the healthcare costs (€5.27 billion in 2018, or 40.9%), other payers would bear the losses in productivity (€1.93 billion in 2018, or 15%), and the intangible component would account for the remaining €5.68 billion in 2018 (or 44.1%); borne by patients and their families. For nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), if average levels were reduced to the anthropogenic threshold of 1 µg/m³, the annual benefits in terms of health and well-being for the diseases studied would amount to €3.79 billion in 2018, including €2.82 billion in 2018 for childhood asthma (74.4%), €965 million (2018) for asthma in adults (25.5%), and €3.12 million (2018) for acute lower respiratory tract infections in children (0.1%). The healthcare system would bear the healthcare costs (€1.18 billion in 2018, or 31%), other payers would bear the productivity losses (€1.21 billion in 2018, or 32%), and the intangible component would account for the remaining €1.40 billion in 2018 (or 37.1%).