Travelers, regardless of their destination and travel conditions, frequently experience health problems. The rate of travelers who fall ill ranges from 15% to 64% depending on the study, based on destination and travel conditions. Regardless of the study, diarrhea is consistently the most common health problem encountered while traveling, followed by upper respiratory tract infections, skin conditions, and fever. The most recent studies show a shift in this epidemiological profile with the emergence of new conditions: altitude sickness, motion sickness, accidents, and injuries. The risk of death per month of travel has been estimated at 1 in 100,000 (1 in 10,000 for those involved in humanitarian operations). In approximately half of all cases, the causes of death among travelers are cardiovascular; the remaining causes of death are divided among traffic accidents, drowning, and other accidents. In about 25% of cases, the cause of death remains unknown, and infections account for only one to three percent of deaths. The causes of medical repatriation are similar to those of travel-related mortality: trauma (accidents, recreational activities), vascular conditions (cardiac and neurological), and psychiatric conditions. It should be noted that infectious causes of death or serious illnesses requiring medical evacuation are rare, largely because the following recommendations help prevent them. These recommendations were developed by the Committee on Travel-Related and Imported Diseases (CMVI) and approved by the French High Council for Public Health (CSHPF) at its meeting on May 19, 2006. They take into account data from the National Reference Center for the Epidemiology of Imported and Indigenous Malaria (CNREPIA) and the National Reference Center for Malaria Chemoresistance (CNRCP). This text essentially reiterates the 2005 recommendations. This year, there are no changes to the recommendations regarding malaria prevention for the various countries. The recommendations contained in this document cannot account for evolving risks associated with emerging diseases. Recommendations for travelers are therefore subject to change depending on the evolution of the international situation. To stay informed of these updates, it is advisable to consult one of the following websites: www.sante.gouv.fr; www.invs.sante.fr; www.who.int; www.grippeaviaire.gouv.fr (Introduction)