Key points

Syphilis

• The number of recent syphilis cases continues to rise among gay and bisexual men (who account for more than 84% of cases), regardless of metropolitan region.

• An increase in the number of recent syphilis cases has also been observed among heterosexuals since 2012, particularly in metropolitan areas outside the Paris region.

Gonococcal Infections

• The number of gonococcal infections continues to rise among gay and bisexual men, while it appears to be stabilizing among heterosexual men at sites with consistent participation in the RésIST network. This increase among gay and bisexual men is observed in the Île-de-France region and in other metropolitan areas.

• The proportion of cefixime-resistant gonococcal strains decreased slightly between 2012 (3%) and 2014 (1%). No resistance to ceftriaxone, the first-line treatment, has been detected since 2011. Nevertheless, continued monitoring of gonococcal antibiotic susceptibility remains essential.

Chlamydia Infections

• The number of urogenital Chlamydia infections appears stable among both men and women at sites with consistent participation since 2013. This stability could reflect a slower increase in chlamydial infections among heterosexuals in 2014 and/or the effect of stabilized screening practices following an expansion of PCR and combined testing.

• The number of cases of rectal LGV and non-L Chlamydia proctitis increased in 2014. Nearly all cases involved gay and bisexual men.

HIV/AIDS

• The rate of HIV co-infections remains very high among patients with Chlamydia rectitis (LGV or non-LGV rectitis), syphilis, or gonorrhea, reflecting insufficient condom use among HIV-positive gay and bisexual men.