Objectives. The LaboHep survey was conducted in France in 2010 to: 1) estimate national and regional screening activity for hepatitis C (anti-HCV antibodies) and hepatitis B (HBsAg) by clinical laboratories (LABM); 2) assess the representativeness of data from a sentinel network of public and private LABMs (RenaVHC/B). Methods. Estimates were derived from a random sample of 1,412 LABMs, taking into account the sampling plan after adjustment for LABM activity. The representativeness of RenaVHC/B was assessed by comparing the mean numbers of tests and positivity control indicators (PCI) estimated by the survey with those calculated for RenaVHC/B for 2010. Results. The number of HCV and HBsAg tests performed in France in 2010 is estimated at 3.4 million [95% CI: 3.1–3.7 million] each, and the PCI at 0.9% [95% CI: 0.8–1.1%] and 0.7% [95% CI: 0.6–0.8%], respectively. RenaVHC/B data overestimate the average number of tests and underestimate the PIR for both markers and for both private and public LABMs. Discussion. LaboHep enabled the estimation of national and regional HCV and HBsAg screening activity in 2010 and demonstrated the limited representativeness of the RenaVHC/B network. It will now be regularly updated to track changes in screening activity. (R.A.)