Carbon monoxide poisoning remains a significant public health problem, causing deaths and substantial morbidity, particularly neurological. This report has confirmed the diversity of causes, the difficulty of diagnosis, and the general lack of awareness regarding the dangers of carbon monoxide exposure. Better use of CO detectors, public education, improved awareness of high-risk situations, and the nationwide implementation of a reporting system should make it possible to more accurately determine the incidence of these poisonings, their causes, and the impact of preventive measures. Once poisoning is detected, treatment for a carbon monoxide poisoning victim must begin as early as possible. As soon as the diagnosis is suspected, the victim(s) should be removed from the toxic atmosphere, the premises ventilated, and the source of CO shut off, while ensuring that rescuers do not become poisoned themselves. When possible, determining the CO concentration in the atmosphere is a useful diagnostic tool. Simultaneously, the victim’s cardiorespiratory status must be assessed and stabilized if necessary. The clinical evaluation will include a thorough neurological examination (level of consciousness, muscle tone, reflexes, and motor function) as well as a general examination, particularly of the lungs and heart (ECG as soon as possible). The patient must be placed as quickly as possible on high-flow oxygen via a face mask (12 to 15 L/min in adults) so that the FiO2 is as close to 1 as possible or, if the respiratory status requires it, on controlled ventilation with 100% oxygen. The victim will be transported to the hospital while still on oxygen. There, the clinical evaluation will be supplemented by a carboxyhemoglobin measurement performed as early as possible; its interpretation must take into account the patient’s age and underlying conditions, the smoking habits of the patient and those around them, and the time elapsed between removal from the toxic atmosphere and the measurement and administration of oxygen. Symptomatic treatment of circulatory or respiratory failure will be continued, as will management of any other potentially associated complications (such as rhabdomyolysis). The etiological treatment for CO poisoning is the administration of oxygen. The specific approach varies depending on the severity of the clinical presentation. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is recommended in cases of poisoning that have led to coma, initial loss of consciousness, or objective clinical abnormalities. It is also recommended for pregnant women with poisoning due to the risk to the fetus. In other cases, oxygen may be administered normobarically, at an FiO2 as close as possible to 1, for at least 12 hours. Finally, before discharge from the hospital, the victim should be informed of the need for follow-up care and educated (along with their family and friends) about the risks associated with CO. Reporting the case to the DDASS triggers a technical investigation to ensure a safe return home. The national "environmental health" plan calls for a 30% reduction in carbon monoxide poisoning deaths by 2008. To meet this objective, the group makes the following recommendations: - continue the policy of reporting and analyzing the causes of poisoning at the national level, - improve public information on the dangers of this type of poisoning in both domestic and occupational settings, - strengthen training for all physicians and healthcare professionals on the causes of poisoning, prevention methods, and best practices for management. This can be done through both initial training and continuing education programs, - implement a coordinated plan for experimental and clinical research aimed at better understanding the consequences of poisoning, particularly on the central nervous system of adults and fetuses, in order to explore therapeutic options beyond those currently available, - ensure that the resources required for the operation of hyperbaric centers at the national level enable them to treat cases of poisoning that require such care, - strengthen regulations regarding technical prevention (equipment specifications, facility specifications, and detection systems).