Introduction - The national program for the prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis has been in place in France since 1978, but no data are available on the annual number of cases. To estimate the perinatal burden of this disease and monitor the impact of the prevention program, a surveillance system was established in 2007. Methods - In 2006, an ad hoc working group recommended laboratory-based surveillance as the system best suited to the objectives. Multiple surveys were conducted to define the network of reporting entities and optimize the comprehensiveness of the surveillance. Results - The selected surveillance system, “ToxoSurv,” relies on laboratories accredited for prenatal diagnosis and clinical laboratories that occasionally confirm the diagnosis of this disease during the neonatal or postnatal period. Cases are reported to the National Reference Center for Toxoplasmosis via the Internet or on paper forms. Surveillance data will be included in an annual report intended for relevant healthcare professionals. Conclusion - The surveillance system for congenital toxoplasmosis has been operational since June 2007. Starting in 2008, it will provide valid prevalence data on congenital toxoplasmosis in France. (R.A.)