A surveillance network for Campylobacter infections, coordinated by the National Reference Center for Campylobacter and Helicobacter, was established in France in 2002, involving volunteer hospital laboratories and clinical laboratories (LABMs) located throughout mainland France. Between 2004 and 2005, 442 LABMs and hospital laboratories sent Campylobacter strains along with an information sheet to the CNR; 4,176 strains (2,132 in 2004, 2,044 in 2005) were analyzed. These were Campylobacter jejuni (77%), Campylobacter coli (15.7%), and Campylobacter fetus (5.3%). Other Campylobacter species (C. lari, C. upsaliensis, C. hyointestinalis) were rarely found. The vast majority of strains (93%) were isolated from stool samples in the context of intestinal infections, and 7% were isolated during septicemias or secondary sites of systemic infections, among which C. fetus was the predominant species (59%). Resistance to ampicillin and doxycycline remains high (34%). Resistance to quinolones, which had decreased in 2003, rose again in 2004–2005 to 32% for C. jejuni and 51% for C. coli. The epidemiological characteristics of Campylobacter infections observed in France show similarities to those observed in other industrialized countries. There are, however, differences, notably a higher proportion of C. coli among the isolated Campylobacter species (16%) and higher resistance to ampicillin and quinolones. (R.A.)