An environmental monitoring campaign revealed high concentrations of naturally occurring arsenic (As) in the soils of the Moselle and Madon basin in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department (54). Consequently, a cross-sectional study was conducted to assess this population’s exposure to arsenic through urinary measurements. The levels of arsenic absorption observed were 2 to 4 times lower than those measured in populations exposed via soil, and these levels were similar to those measured in populations without specific exposure. For the adult population, only individual characteristics were found to be significantly associated with urinary As concentrations. Arsenic concentrations in the soils of the study area do not appear high enough to contribute to urinary arsenic concentrations. A comparison of these results, regardless of age group, shows that, on the one hand, urinary concentrations are significantly lower than those reported by other authors in populations living on contaminated soils; on the other hand, more than 92% of participants have concentrations below the 10 μg/g creatinine threshold established by various foreign and French authorities. Conducting an epidemiological study to investigate the health impact of soil arsenic is therefore not warranted. (R.A.)