Introduction: Hand hygiene using an alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) is the gold standard technique for preventing the cross-transmission of microorganisms, particularly those responsible for acute respiratory infections, gastroenteritis, and the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria in nursing homes for dependent elderly individuals (Ehpad) and medical-social facilities for people with disabilities. This surveillance aims to quantify adherence to hand hygiene in these facilities using a proxy indicator based on annual consumption of hydroalcoholic products (PHA). Method: From March 1 to June 30, 2024, Ehpad and disability care facilities in mainland France and overseas territories were contacted to participate in the surveillance. Organizational information (facility status, availability of a hygiene team or expertise (EOH/EMH), most recent weighted average care level [GMP]), annual PHA consumption (volume of PHA purchased in liters per year), and facility activity (total number of days of care) were collected for 2022 and 2023. Data collection was conducted via a secure online data entry form. The number of hand rubs performed per resident per day of stay was estimated using the following formula: (volume of PHA [liters] × 1,000) divided by (annual number of days of stay × 3 mL), based on the assumption that one hand rub required 3 mL of PHA. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test to compare the years 2022 and 2023. Results: A total of 2,173 French nursing homes participated in the study (representing 28.6% of nursing homes). The estimated median number of FHA per resident accommodation day was 1.83 (interquartile range (IQR): 1.22–2.53) in 2022 and 1.59 (IQR: 1.07–2.23) in 2023. In terms of organization, 64.4% (n=1,400) of the nursing homes were public facilities, 24.2% (n=526) were nonprofit, and 11.4% (n=247) were private. In 63.6% (n=1,382) of the nursing homes, a hygiene coordinator had been designated, and a hygiene team (EOH/EMH) was available in 86.0% (n=1,869) of the nursing homes. Significantly higher PHA consumption was observed in nursing homes with the following characteristics: public status (median 2023: 1.67 FHA per resident-day vs. 1.33 for nonprofit nursing homes; p