Key points: - The national incidence of tuberculosis in 2003 was 10.2 cases per 100,000 inhabitants and has remained stable since 1997. - The incidence of tuberculosis among at-risk groups is rising sharply, particularly among young people from sub-Saharan Africa. - The incidence of tuberculosis among young people of French nationality did not decrease in 2003, unlike in previous years. - Expert recommendations have been made to improve the management and prevention of tuberculosis. The implementation of these recommendations and their impact on the epidemiology of tuberculosis will need to be evaluated. (R.A.)