Given the duration and severity of the social restrictions and the resulting constraints, the pandemic may have had an impact on mental health, particularly on suicide attempts. Against this backdrop, Santé publique France compared hospitalizations for suicide attempts (HTS) in 2020 and during the first half of 2021 with those of previous years. These were analyzed by age group, sex, and methods used in the suicide attempt. All short-term stays in French public and private facilities for individuals aged 10 and older hospitalized between January 2, 2017, and May 31, 2021, for a suicide attempt were selected. In 2020, the estimated rate of suicide attempts across all age groups was 13.3 per 10,000, compared to 14.8 in 2019 and 15.2 in 2018. During the first lockdown, HTS rates were lower than the average observed between 2017 and 2019 for all genders, with the exception of men aged 75 and older. These rates remained lower for people aged 35 to 85. However, they gradually increased among young people aged 11 to 24, eventually becoming significantly higher than the 2017–19 average after the second lockdown (and as early as the second lockdown for girls aged 10 to 14). The use of violent methods thus appears more frequent regardless of age. These results align with those of other indicators and highlight psychological distress that persisted at the end of the observation period among adolescents and young adults, who appear to have been particularly impacted by the social and economic upheavals caused by the health crisis. Regular monitoring of the "hospitalizations for suicide attempts" indicator is essential as part of the epidemiological surveillance system for mental health, particularly among adolescents and young adults, in the future.